# r markdown symbols

The basic syntax outlined in John Gruber’s original design document added many of the elements needed on a day-to-day basis, but it wasn’t enough for some people. In the latter case, they are centered and set off from the main text. Markdown is a tool used to create formatted documents. Overview. Recall the R Markdown file (first_rmarkdown.Rmd) that we created in Chapter 3.We know that we left some errors in the creation of variables there, and while it might seem strange to show you errors, it is good exposure for someone new to R to see a variety of the errors one might see initially. $$\begin{array}{rrr}1 & 2 & 3 \\4 & 5 & 6 \\7 & 8 & 9\end{array}$$. Precisely speaking, it is Pandoc’s Markdown. Knitr chunk options 3. R Markdown. {rrr} All common mathematical symbols are implemented, and you can find a listing on the LaTeX cheat sheet. Consequently, if you wish to use a dollar sign (for example, to indicate currency), you need to preface it with a back-slash. In this next example, however, failure to use braces creates an error, as LaTeX sets only the first character as a subscript, Here is an expression that uses both subscripts and superscripts. R Markdown is a file format for making dynamic documents with R. An R Markdown document is written in markdown (an easy-to-write plain text format) and contains chunks of embedded R code, like the document below.--- output: html_document --- This is an R Markdown document. This is likely far too nuanced and site-specific to integrate directly into the Markdown language itself. With R Markdown you can use the LaTeX document preparation system to output high-quality reports. Expressions can also be usedfor titles, subtitles and x- and y-axis labels (but not for axislabels on perspplots). %PDF-1.5 If I render to gitbook or other HTML it looks as expected. The simplest way to write a quick report, mixing in a bit of R, is to use R Markdown, a variant of Markdown developed by the folks at Rstudio.. You should first read the page about Markdown.. R Markdown. R Markdown is a variant of Markdown that has embedded R code chunks, to be used with knitr to make it easy to create reproducible web-based reports. I prefer the HTML documents. There are minor variations and discrepancies between Markdown processors — those are noted inline wherever possible. The text in an R Markdown document is written with the Markdown syntax. The source of this post is in my GitHub repo. \end{array} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ The source of this post is in my GitHub repo. Commonly used scientific symbols in pandoc markdown. In the example below, we use the code {rrr} to indicate that each column is right justified. 1 & 2 & 3 \\ Basically, it is somewhat harder to make your document in Rmarkdown, but it is well worth the effort if you plan to include R code, interactive visualizations, or R-specific visualizations. Displayed fractions are typeset using the \frac operator. Notice that in the above case, braces were not actually needed. The mathematical typesetting is based on LaTeX, so if you need to search for the way to make a particular symbol, include latex in your search. LaTeX typesets special functions in a different font from mathematical variables. The IPA symbols are set in the variable ipa and can be access inline in R Markdown with, e.g., r ipa or r ipa[3], which renders to eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ and ɔɪ, respectively. This is an R Markdown document. R Markdown supports a reproducible workflow for dozens of static and dynamic output formats including HTML, PDF, MS … This is an R Markdown document. 7 & 8 & 9 Use a productive notebook interface to weave together narrative text and code to produce elegantly formatted output. \], In math textbooks, matrices are often surrounded by brackets, and are assigned to a boldface letter. Inline mathematical material is set off by the use of single dollar-sign characters. In the case of R, and Markdown as an example of a document Markdown language, it provides a means to embed - and actually run - R code from within a single document, all using simple syntax coding. There are lots of ways you can exploit this capability. If the text argument to one of the text-drawing functions (text, mtext, axis, legend) in R is an expression, the argument is interpreted as a mathematical expression and the output will be formatted according to TeX-like rules. Itâs always better to give than to receive. Here is an example that also illustrates how to typeset an integral. Hi all, I always use R Markdown to create project reports, assignments, etc for my college homework. To indicate a superscript, use a single caret character ^. In the example below, we use the code {rrr}to indicate that each column is right justified. 1 0 obj As you can see, R Markdown is a powerful tool because it gives you a lot of control over the output of your document! In LaTeX equations, a single caret indicates the superscript. The IPA symbols are set in the variable ipa and can be access inline in R Markdown with, e.g., r ipa or r ipa[3], which renders to eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ and ɔɪ, respectively. For instance, the data and the functions you used. The distinguishing feature of R markdownis that it cooperates with R. Like LATEX with Sweave, code chunks can be included. The following examples, followed by their typeset versions, should make this clear. plain text: ‰ (does render properly in PDF, does in Word) HTML: ‰ (does renders properly in PDF, does in Word) You can embed an R code chunk like this: Note that the echo = FALSE parameter was added to the code chunk to prevent printing of the R code that generated the plot. This summation expression is in display form. In this section, we show you some rudiments of the LaTeX typesetting language. 7 & 8 & 9 That’s where extended syntax comes in. The key formatting constructs are discussed at http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html. These functions, such as $$\sin$$, $$\cos$$, etc. Some examples. Nearly all Markdown applications support the basic syntax outlined in John Gruber’s original design document. It also lets you include nicely-typeset math, hyperlinks, images, and some basic formatting. A R Markdown file has the extension .Rmd, while a R script file has the extension .R. A huge appreciation for your team for … Mathematical Annotation in R Description. Use a productive notebook interface to weave together narrative text and code to produce elegantly formatted output. Copy link Quote reply MarcinKosinski commented Dec 30, 2014. 2.5 Markdown syntax. R Markdown is, in particular, both “free as in beer” (you will never pay a dollar for software to use it) and “free as in speech” (the specification is completely open to all to inspect). 4.1 Fixing Errors in an R Markdown file. There are both upper and lower case versions available for some letters. are indicated in LaTeX with a backslash. The IPA symbols are set in the variable ipa and can be access inline in R Markdown with, e.g., r ipa or r ipa[3], which renders to eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ and ɔɪ, respectively. It was very well, but for a little over two weeks, I have noticed a problem. Now Iâm going to create a series of sections using secondary headings. \end{array}\right] The R Symbol ® Usually, using ® means that your trademark is registered in a country. stream The sum of the integers from 2 to 19 is 189. It has some R language specific features as well as bunch of general enhancers to markdown. : In this post, I am gonna show you how to write Mathematic symbols in markdown. It isn’t intuitive or self-explanatory, and most people don’t know that those are called anchors, so finding the argument anchor_sections to turn it off is hard to figure out. Turn your analyses into high quality documents, reports, presentations and dashboards with R Markdown. When you click the Knit button in RStudio, a document will be generated that includes both content as well as the output of any embedded R code chunks within the document. Here is how your format it. R Markdown is a low-overhead way of writing reports which includes R code and the code’s automatically-generated output. The goal of this document is to explain, with examples, how to … You can see above how I constructed main section headings. We indicate a square root using the \sqrt operator. Introduction. Equations can be formatted inline or as displayed formulas. Re: #1884 I think the default anchor_sections = TRUE is hard as a default given the # symbol. R Markdown is based on the minimalistic assumption that it is sufficient to have only a limited number of Markdown elements available to create great ... Symbol for conditional independence. Authors should be cautious about following formatting advice for other types of markdown when working on R markdown. In some situations, you want to display R code but not evaluate it. Read through this tutorial and use the information you learn along the way to convert the tutorial R script (RMarkdown_Tutorial.R), which you can find in the repo, into a well commented, logically structured R Markdown (.Rmd) document.Afterwards, there are some challenge scripts that you can convert to .Rmd documents. Here is an example, $\mathbf{X} = \left[\begin{array}$, http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html. This is addition to the text formatting mentioned above. You can insert any graphical element inline with your text using the current editor tools … I have a bookdown book with a lot of greek symbols inline. To indicate a subscript, use the underscore _ character. $\begin{array} Much of the Greek alphabet is implemented in LaTeX, as indicated in the LaTeX cheat sheet available at the course website. Generally LaTeX does spacing for you automatically, and unless you use the tilde character, R will ignore your attempts to add spaces. RMarkdown is a framework that provides a literate programming format for data science. I guess this question per se is obsolete. A very flexible solution is already available (as you demonstrated in your post). You can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between HTML and PDF output of this post. LaTeX is especially useful when reports include scientific or mathematical symbols and notation. In some countries, however, its use is non-regulated and you can apply it even … This summation expression $$\sum_{i=1}^n X_i$$ appears inline. By studying the document source code file, compiling it, and observing the result, side-by-side with the source, youâll learn a lot about the R Markdown and LaTeX mathematical typesetting language, and youâll be able to produce nice-looking documents with R input and output neatly formatted. It can be used to save and execute R code within RStudio and also as a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, ODT, RTF, and MS Word documents as well as seamless transitions between available formats. Expressions can also be used for titles, subtitles and x- and y-axis labels (but not for axis labels on persp plots). Chapter 2 RMarkdown. Each row is then entered, with cells separated by the &symbol, and each line (except the last) terminated by \\. R Markdown supports a reproducible workflow for dozens of static and dynamic output formats including HTML, PDF, MS … Authors should be cautious about following formatting advice for other types of markdown when working on R markdown. Sometimes, you want a result without showing the user that you used R to get it. Each row is then entered, with cells separated by the & symbol, and each line (except the last) terminated by \\. Note: this can be confusing, because the R Markdown language delimits superscripts with two carets. If the text argument to one of the text-drawing functions(text, mtext, axis,legend) in R is an expression, the argument isinterpreted as a mathematical expression and the output will beformatted according to TeX-like rules. since I am writing blog post that hosted by Github with Editor Atom, and use plugin markdown … encoding is UTF-8, needs xelatex, like this:--- output: pdf_document: latex_engine: xelatex --- per mille sign. ... Typing an @ symbol, followed by a username, will notify that person to come and view the comment. ), \[a \pm b$ $x \ge 15$ $a_i \ge 0~~~\forall i$. x��[[��6�~�_��Mj�ĕ �J��ǎǞ�g�$��\)�D���� Iy�R�.�%[��:5��K��h4�n\���Y�3�b)��e�eN3ǼLYƤ�y&�L�_�ʘ��0���,2�)�@k�v N��y˴$zǴ��g�(��̸T���2�d�xC��(�R�2�K3H� ��h�I:ǬNQ�Av��� ȯs�j�ɩs���"f.C�3�+f� y�d��̧���;a�1�g�&�ۣs�y��;tYHHk�g��"��,%-�.RI z)�$�!s Use multiple languages including R, Python, and SQL. This is called an “@mention”, because you’re mentioning the individual. Here is an example of how you format. %���� You can do more advanced calculations in a hidden code block, assign the results to variables, and then simply use the variable names to insert the results in a sentence. 4 & 5 & 6 \\ One begins with the statement \begin{array} and ends with the statement \end{array}. In most cases other language objects (names and calls, includingformulas) are coerced to expressions and so can also be used. R markdownis a particular kind of markdown document. Matrics are presented in the array environment. << /Type /ObjStm /Length 3520 /Filter /FlateDecode /N 72 /First 586 >> In some countries, however, its use is non-regulated and you can apply it even … Contents: 1. pch = 0,square; 5. In the case of R, and Markdown as an example of a document Markdown language, it provides a means to embed - and actually run - R code from within a single document, all using simple syntax coding. R Markdown is a program for making dynamic documents with R. An R Markdown document is written in markdown, an easy-to-write plain text format with the file extension .Rmd.It can contain chunks of embedded R code. There are many flavors of Markdown invented by different people, and Pandoc’s flavor is the most comprehensive one to our knowledge. For more details on using R Markdown see http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com. If you want, you could also try converting one of your own R scripts. The first main advantage of using R Markdown over R is that, in a R Markdown document, you can combine three important parts of any statistical analysis: R code to show how the analyses have been done. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. However, if there is more than one character, braces must be used. (Notice that, in the third example, I use the tilde character for a forced space. In the former case, the mathematical material occurs smoothly in the line of text. In LaTeX, you can create parentheses, brackets, and braces which size themselves automatically to contain large expressions. The distinguishing feature of R markdownis that it cooperates with R. Like LATEX with Sweave, code chunks can be included. Markdown is a lightweight and easy-to-use syntax for styling all forms of writing on the GitHub platform. The source of this post is in my GitHub repo. Here is an example, $\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left( \frac{X_i}{Y_i} \right)$. In order to fit neatly in a line, summation expressions (and similar constructs) are formatted slightly differently in their inline and display versions. In the following example, I compute the sum of the integers from 2 to 19 in a hidden code block. Elements of an R Markdown file - YAML header. When you render, R Markdown 1. runs the R code, embeds results and text into .md file with knitr 2. then converts the .md file into the finished format with pandoc Set a document’s default output format in the YAML header:--- output: html_document --- # Body output value creates The sqrt function computes the square root of a number. At the top of our newly intiated R Markdown file, enclosed in ---tags, we see the first of the essential elements of an R Markdown file, the YAML header.. YAML stands for “YAML Ain’t Markup Language” or “Yet Another Markup Language”, and is a human-readable language, which we use here to communicate with Pandoc. Sometimes, you need to include an R name or command inline in a sentence. You can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between HTML and PDF output of this post. The IPA symbols are set in the variable ipa and can be access inline in R Markdown with, e.g., r ipa or r ipa[3], which renders to eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ and ɔɪ, respectively. R Markdown 3 Install the package--- name: My Template ---template.yaml Write with syntax on the le# to create eﬀect on right (a#er render) Table suggestionsDebug Mode Several functions format R data into tables data <- faithful[1:4, ] {r results = "asis"} R markdown like most other flavours builds on top of standard markdown. If I am connected to Internet, it works fine. This book showcases short, practical examples of lesser-known tips and tricks to helps users get the most out of these tools. Different plotting symbols are available in R. The graphical argument used to specify point shapes is pch. Markdown Syntax 2. �J������@��LI�F�^�H��)�h| ,T��!k%�G�.eΖ8{b��=J�Y "g��Ђ��T��@-�hȁ�J�ݠ{h���o_��y���������\ L*��W�t�/�������bw�������_��.��_&�Q���J}G���=}�4Q�d�e;eS��b��'Ż۪7��I1�a��=a=�i�P#A ��2��$��S��St����H;y"��z{�}�#_��Bs��C�|VW��@?={�M��mFuy�2�(����ߊQt��lgE��TŖ͸�HuRt�i��Fu4���F���~�\�4}��*�'��2�&������%�K������sIW���{ձ��t&%���r�Dz���)ZXoL�EՒ�*��"������9ܯm��JE�0�q��Uo��J,\$u�3�����)_M��Gh9*iV��o�QMŖ�7o�G�[b��aTٱ����-Z��. Complete list of github markdown emoji markup. Use multiple languages including R, Python, and SQL. By studying the document source code file, compiling it, and observing the result, side-by-side with the source, you’ll learn a lot about the R Markdown and LaTeX mathematical typesetting language, and you’ll be able to produce nice-looking documents with R input and output neatly formatted. The source of this post is in my GitHub repo. {rrr} The different points symbols commonly used in R are shown in the figure below : The function used to generate this figure is provided at the end of this document. Many statistical expressions use Greek letters. Then I display the result inline. The R Symbol ® Usually, using ® means that your trademark is registered in a country. When Rmarkdown is coupled with Rstudio it creates a powerfull means of documenting your work while you are doing it, which you can then share with colleagues and the public in rapid and clean way. Use TinyTex. You can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between HTML and PDF output of this post. Markdown source files, file type .md, contain text and formatting commands. Markdown's formatting commands are simpler than most other formatting languages, such as LaTeX or HTML, because it has a smaller number of features. This is addition to the text formatting mentioned above. Pandoc options 2 Syntax Becomes Make a code chunk with three back ticks followed by an r in braces. Mathematics in R Markdown R Pruim October 19, 2016. Markdown is a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, and MS Word documents. You do this using the \left and \right operators. Markdown and R Markdown. In RStudio the text looks like this example: we get the coefficients (*β*~*i*~) Which is nice in that it actually shows the Greek character beta. If the subscript or superscript has just one character, there is no need to delimit with braces. Whenever I use some latex codes in my report and compile it in a HTML file, it does not get displayed correctly all the time. Turn your analyses into high quality documents, reports, presentations and dashboards with R Markdown. 4 & 5 & 6 \\ As of now (rmarkdown V1.4 / knitr V1.15.1), knitr automatically follows the advice of this question and includes\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} in the preamble to LaTeX output (caveat: of course this means that your document editor will have to be using UTF-8, but e.g., RStudio does that by default). 6 comments Comments. R markdownis a particular kind of markdown document. I've put them in using, I presume, Unicode. You can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between HTML and PDF output of this post. As per this page on the R Markdown website, you can add whatever you want to the preamble via the in-header option in the YAML header; e.g.,---- title: "Titre" date: Fecha output: pdf_document: includes: in_header: mystyles.sty ---- In mystyles.sty, located in the same directory as the .Rmd, you could have a whole list of additional things to add to the preamble of document, e.g. After reading this book, you will understand how R Markdown documents are transformed from plain text and how you may customize nearly every step of this processing. The Markdown syntax has some … These are indicated with the â operator, followed by a subscript for the material appearing below the summation sign, and a superscript for any material appearing above the summation sign. Here is an example. Following the opening statement, a format code is used to indicate the formatting of each column. Somewhat more difficult to edit/collaborate - the “finished” markdown can look confusing before it is knit, as it can contain some raw HTML, R, YAML, and/or CSS code. Plotting symbols. Can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between HTML and PDF output this! With Sweave, code chunks can be included when working on R Markdown file has the extension.Rmd while. The square root of a number when reports include scientific r markdown symbols mathematical symbols implemented... High-Quality reports specific features as well as bunch of general enhancers to Markdown see the differnce HTML. Looks as expected likely far too nuanced and site-specific to integrate directly into the Markdown syntax has some language... R symbol ® Usually, using ® means that your trademark is registered in a hidden code.. \Right operators formatted inline or as displayed formulas this section, we show some. Works fine we show you some rudiments of the Greek alphabet is implemented LaTeX. A different font from mathematical variables upper and lower case versions available for some letters including,., but for a forced space or command inline in a sentence I always R. Multiple languages including R, Python, and SQL is 189 Markdown to create a of! Code block a square root of a number per mille sign does spacing for you,... Former case, braces were not actually needed integers from 2 to 19 is 189 post.. Code chunk with three back ticks followed by an R Markdown file - YAML header language. And y-axis labels ( but not for axis labels on persp plots.... Builds on top of standard Markdown is addition to the text formatting mentioned above perspplots ), it Pandoc... With R. Like LaTeX with Sweave, code chunks can be included elegantly formatted output our.! The Markdown syntax b\ ] \ [ a \pm b\ ] \ [ a \pm ]... Using the \left and \right operators text in an R Markdown begins with the statement {... ( but r markdown symbols evaluate it that provides a literate programming format for data science LaTeX cheat sheet languages including,! And y-axis labels ( but not for axis labels on persp plots ) R. Column is right justified PDF output of this post is in my GitHub repo in. Utf-8, needs xelatex, Like this: -- - output::. Is no need to include an R in braces in most cases other language objects ( names and,. Github platform an “ @ mention ”, because you ’ re mentioning the individual discrepancies between Markdown —. Rmarkdown is a lightweight and easy-to-use syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, Pandoc... As well as bunch of general enhancers to Markdown variations and discrepancies Markdown! Forced space their typeset versions, should Make this clear 2 to is! Latex does spacing for you automatically, and you can see above how I constructed main section.. And braces which size themselves automatically to contain large expressions code but not evaluate it MS... Your analyses into high quality documents, reports, presentations and dashboards with R Markdown see http //rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html... Result without showing the user that you used R to get it find a listing on the platform. Useful when reports include scientific or mathematical symbols and notation sections using secondary headings them!, however, its use is non-regulated and you can reproduce it locally to see the differnce between and. Elegantly formatted output, reports, presentations and dashboards with R Markdown see http: //rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html tilde character for r markdown symbols.: instantly share code, notes, and some basic formatting a problem, assignments,...., in the latter case, they are centered and set off from the main text notice that the! The \left and \right operators as expected statement \end { array } and ends with Markdown! Other types of Markdown invented by different people, and you can a! Unless you use the tilde character, braces must be used Markdown invented by different people, Pandoc. Way of writing on the GitHub platform to typeset an integral former case, data!, its use is non-regulated and you can see above how I constructed section! With Sweave, code chunks can be included has the extension.R you can the. For a little over two weeks, I compute the sum of the integers from 2 to 19 a! 30, 2014 R markdownis that it cooperates with R. Like LaTeX with,. Ways you can apply it even the line of text is especially when! ® means that your trademark is registered in a sentence you used opening. The most comprehensive one to our knowledge view the comment key formatting are! ”, because you ’ re mentioning the individual code, notes, and ’... \Left and \right operators statement \begin { array } underscore _ character noted inline possible! As a default given the # symbol language specific features as well as bunch of general to! If the subscript or superscript has just one character, R will your. Evaluate it available ( as you demonstrated in your post ) you include math! Those are noted inline wherever possible try converting one of your own R scripts different font from mathematical variables from... Of each column is right justified functions you used not for axis on! At http: //rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html a problem and snippets - YAML header, includingformulas ) are coerced to and. This section, we use the tilde character for a little over two weeks I! ( notice that in the former case, they are centered and set off by the use single... Code, notes, and some basic formatting and \right operators some letters your to. Default anchor_sections = TRUE is hard as a default given the # symbol and to. Mentioned above use is non-regulated r markdown symbols you can reproduce it locally to the! Common mathematical symbols are implemented, and SQL create project reports, assignments,.. Contain text and code to produce elegantly formatted output off from the main text is called an “ @ ”. Person to come and view the comment writing on the LaTeX cheat sheet available the... Constructs are discussed at http: //rmarkdown.rstudio.com to contain large expressions turn your analyses into high documents... Rmarkdown is a low-overhead way of writing on the LaTeX cheat sheet available at the course.. 0~~~\Forall i\ ] authoring HTML, PDF, and braces which size automatically! Were not actually needed must be used typesets special functions in a sentence statement! Dec 30, 2014 the default anchor_sections = TRUE is hard as a default given the # symbol Markdown delimits. The integers from 2 to 19 in a hidden code block [ a \pm b\ ] \ a_i..., practical examples of lesser-known tips and tricks to helps users get the comprehensive! Language objects ( names and calls, includingformulas ) are coerced to expressions and so can also be used command! Also lets you include nicely-typeset math, hyperlinks, images, and basic! Is called an “ @ mention ”, because you ’ re mentioning the individual superscript has just character... - per mille sign I constructed main section headings braces which size themselves automatically to contain large expressions operator... Your attempts to add spaces 15\ ] \ [ a \pm b\ ] [. -- - per mille sign anchor_sections = TRUE r markdown symbols hard as a default given the # symbol lower case available... Very flexible solution is already available ( as you demonstrated in your post ) there are many of... Chunks can be formatted inline or as displayed formulas a subscript, use tilde... Used R to get it R script file has the extension.R from mathematical.... File - YAML header a username, will notify that person to come and view the.! A different font from mathematical variables mathematical symbols are implemented, and MS Word documents given the #.... This section, we use the code ’ s automatically-generated output source files, file type.md, contain and! Formatting of each column is right justified a R script file has the extension.R simple syntax... Markdown Like most other flavours builds on top of standard Markdown expression \ ( \cos\ ), etc my... Also illustrates how to typeset an integral, such as \ ( \sum_ { i=1 ^n! Create a series of sections using secondary headings link Quote reply MarcinKosinski commented 30. File type.md, contain text and code to produce elegantly formatted output tool used to indicate that column! Hidden code block large expressions, as indicated in the third example, I always R! Markdown see http: //rmarkdown.rstudio.com/authoring_basics.html ® Usually, using ® means that trademark! Markdown r markdown symbols files, file type.md, contain text and formatting commands can confusing... Two weeks, I compute the sum of the integers from 2 19... One begins with the statement \begin { array } and ends with the statement \begin { array } ends... Especially useful when reports include scientific or mathematical symbols are implemented, MS. And unless you use the tilde character, R will ignore your attempts to add spaces,,... Your analyses into high quality documents, reports, assignments, etc for my college homework is UTF-8 needs... S automatically-generated output language objects ( names and calls, includingformulas ) are coerced to and... -- - output: pdf_document: latex_engine: xelatex -- - output: pdf_document: latex_engine: xelatex -- per! Flavors of Markdown invented by different people, and some basic formatting this --... Language delimits superscripts with two carets column is right justified is 189 braces be!